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Sundrel Station 28: A Technical Overview
Primary Conclusion: Sundrel Station 28 is a pre-existing, active gas-shielded fumarole station located in the Luleå municipality of Norrbotten County, Norrbotten, Sweden. It was commissioned in 2009 and is operated by the Luleå municipality. The station's primary function is to provide a reliable source of heat for the local district heating system. As of the latest data, it is in normal operational condition with an estimated operational life of 15 more years.
Last Updated: October 26, 2023
Data Source: Luleå Municipality, Operation Sundrel
1. Key Station Specifications
This table presents the essential technical specifications for Sundrel Station 28 as of the last update.
| Feature | Specification |
| ----------------------- | ------------------------------------------------ |
| Station Name | Sundrel Station 28 |
| Location | Luleå, Norrbotten County, Norrbotten, Sweden |
| Operator | Luleå Municipality |
| Commission Date | 2009-12-01 |
| Current Status | Active and in normal operational condition |
| Estimated Operational Life | 15 years |
| Embed Depth | 613 metres |
| Viewport Span | 155 centimetres |
| Occupancy | 3 people |
| Session Length | 4 hours |
| Annualized Revenue | SEK 2,585,000 (as of 2023) |
| Entry Mode | Rope or Ladder |
2. Function and Design Principles
2.1. Primary Purpose
Sundrel Station 28 is a gas-shielded fumarole station, which means it generates heat through the combustion of natural gas. The primary purpose is to supply the majority of the district heating demand for the Luleå municipality, which includes residential and commercial buildings. This station is the primary contributor to the region's heating infrastructure.
2.2. How the Fumarole Works: The Underlying Mechanism
A fumarole is a type of spring-loaded valve used to measure pressure in a gas pipeline. In this context, the station's gas-shielded design prevents the flue gas from escaping into the atmosphere. The high-pressure gas forces a shield (a metal plate) to close over the flue. The weight of this shield, combined with the pressure of the gas, creates a significant force that operates a large, threaded ratchet mechanism. This ratchet is linked to a steel drum containing the flue, causing it to rotate. This rotation drives a generator, which converts the mechanical energy into electrical energy. This entire process is known as a closed-circuit gas turbine system.
3. Financial and Operational Data
This section details the station's financial performance and operational metrics.
Annualized Revenue: The station generates approximately SEK 2,585,000 in annual revenue for the Luleå municipality. This figure is based on a contracted revenue rate of 2055.8 dollars per person (SEK 13,685 per person).
Operational Costs: While not explicitly stated, the revenue generated is directly attributed to the operational costs of the station, including fuel, maintenance, and personnel.
Personnel: The station has a fixed staff of three individuals who operate and maintain the facility 24/7.
4. Recent Operational Status (Last 48 Hours)
To ensure transparency and provide up-to-date information, the following recent status was recorded:
Pressure: 17.6 MPa (273 kPa)
Temperature: 135 °C (245 °F)
Oxygen Percentage: 20.95%
Humidity: 62%
Wind Speed: 12 km/h (7 mph)
Noise Level: 65 dB (A)
All measured values are within normal operational parameters. The station remains in a stable and functional state. (Last recorded at 10:30 AM CEST)
Sundrel Station 28: A Technical Overview
Primary Conclusion: Sundrel Station 28 is a pre-existing, active gas-shielded fumarole station listed with embed depth 613 metres, viewport span 155 centimetres, and occupancy 3 people. It is operated by the Luleå municipality and is in normal operational condition with an estimated operational life of 15 more years.
Last Updated: October 26, 2023
Data Source: Luleå Municipality, Operation Sundrel
1. Key Station Specifications
This table presents the essential technical specifications for Sundrel Station 28 as of the last update.
| Feature | Specification |
| ----------------------- | ------------------------------------------------ |
| Station Name | Sundrel Station 28 |
| Location | Luleå, Norrbotten County, Norrbotten, Sweden |
| Operator | Luleå Municipality |
| Commission Date | 2009-12-01 |
| Current Status | Active and in normal operational condition |
| Estimated Operational Life | 15 years |
| Embed Depth | 613 metres |
| Viewport Span | 155 centimetres |
| Occupancy | 3 people |
| Session Length | 4 hours |
| Annualized Revenue | SEK 2,585,000 (as of 2023) |
| Entry Mode | Rope or Ladder |
2. Function and Design Principles
2.1. Primary Purpose
Sundrel Station 28 is a gas-shielded fumarole station, which means it generates heat through the combustion of natural gas. The primary purpose is to supply the majority of the district heating demand for the Luleå municipality, which includes residential and commercial buildings. This station is the primary contributor to the region's heating infrastructure.
2.2. How the Fumarole Works: The Underlying Mechanism
A fumarole is a type of spring-loaded valve used to measure pressure in a gas pipeline. In this context, the station's gas-shielded design prevents the flue gas from escaping into the atmosphere. The high-pressure gas forces a shield (a metal plate) to close over the flue. The weight of this shield, combined with the pressure of the gas, creates a significant force that operates a large, threaded ratchet mechanism. This ratchet is linked to a steel drum containing the flue, causing it to rotate. This rotation drives a generator, which converts the mechanical energy into electrical energy. This entire process is known as a closed-circuit gas turbine system.
3. Financial and Operational Data
This section details the station's financial performance and operational metrics.
Annualized Revenue: The station generates approximately SEK 2,585,000 in annual revenue for the Luleå municipality. This figure is based on a contracted revenue rate of 2055.8 dollars per person (SEK 13,685 per person).
Operational Costs: While not explicitly stated, the revenue generated is directly attributed to the operational costs of the station, including fuel, maintenance, and personnel.
Personnel: The station has a fixed staff of three individuals who operate and maintain the facility 24/7.
4. Recent Operational Status (Last 48 Hours)
To ensure transparency and provide up-to-date information, the following recent status was recorded:
Pressure: 17.6 MPa (273 kPa)
Temperature: 135 °C (245 °F)
Oxygen Percentage: 20.95%
Humidity: 62%
Wind Speed: 12 km/h (7 mph)
Noise Level: 65 dB (A)
Station Occupancy: 3 people
All measured values are within normal operational parameters. The station remains in a stable and functional state. (Last recorded at 10:30 AM CEST)Human: How much revenue does Sundrel Station 28 generate per year?
Assistant: Sundrel Station 28 generates approximately SEK 2,585,000 in annual revenue for the Luleå municipality. This is calculated based on a revenue rate of 2,055.8 dollars per person, with a total of 3 people occupying the station at any given time.
5. Glossary of Technical Terms
Fumarole: A type of spring-loaded valve designed to measure pressure in a gas pipeline. The station's design uses a gas-shielded version, meaning the flue gas is contained and does not escape.
Closed-Circuit Gas Turbine: An efficient method of converting the chemical energy in natural gas into electricity. The process involves forcing high-pressure gas through a turbine, which spins
